TRIANGLE

As highlighted by the recent overhaul of the International System of Units, quantum technologies can have a strong impact on metrology. An important milestone towards quantum-defined metrology is to bridge the two existing electric quantum standards, the Josephson Voltage Standard (JVS) and the Quantum Hall Resistance (QHR) standard. In the 80' it has been predicted that a dual effect of the ac Josephson effect, dubbed Bloch oscillations (BO), could occur in current-biased Josephson junctions. It would link frequency and current via the electrical charge 2e and thus close the metrological triangle formed by the JVS, the QHR and the BO. Despite many experimental attempts, Bloch oscillations were never convincingly observed. Recent experimental and theoretical results from the TRIANGLE partners, suggest that the observation of BO is within reach. Building on this worldwide unique expertise TRIANGLE will provide the first observation of Bloch Oscillations for metrological purpose.