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Completed
Civil Services and Urban Community, the Netherlands, 1500-1795
FunderNetherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)
Duration01 Jan 2005 - 12 Jul 2010
Project code276-51-001
Open Access mandatePublications: NoResearch data: No
Identifiers
Project timeline100%
Description
Between 1500-1800 the expansion of civil services resulted in a more complex and more large-scale organization of urban facilities, some of which shifted from local to supralocal. As a result of this development, a separation took place between (private) citizens and the (public) community. The transition from private to public led to a crucial change in citizenship: the originally medieval citizen of the town or city became a national citizen by the end of the 18th century. While it seems reasonable to hypothesize that this long-term process (1500-1800) occurred in the Netherlands also, we do not know how citizens and community related to one another in this process. City authorities and citizens were not the only institutions to take on public duties; the churches did too. It seems probable that the situation alternated between mutual conflict and consensus with regard to the allocation of public duties between church, city authorities and citizens. The area of tension between the church domain, the public domain and the private domain therefore offers explanations for developments in civil services and the ideas on which they were founded. In addition it is plausible that the development in civil services occurred in fits and starts, and differed from region to region. Economic conjuncture, religious reform, warfare and administrative structures influenced the growth or restriction of civil services in the short term. In these areas there were major differences between the South and the North, and the East and the West of the Netherlands. It is therefore relevant to make regional comparisons. In this project we wish to investigate the development of civil services in the Netherlands by focusing on the area of tension between citizens, church and government. In this way we aim to discover the nature of the interaction that existed between the civil initiatives undertaken by the government, citizens and church in the transition from private to public. Comparison between the various regions of the Netherlands can answer the question of the extent to which economic conjuncture, warfare, religious reform and administrative structure have stimulated or curbed the development of civil services.
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Between 1500-1800 the expansion of civil services resulted in a more complex and more large-scale organization of urban facilities, some of which shifted from local to supralocal. As a result of this development, a separation took place between (private) citizens and the (public) community. The transition from private to public led to a crucial change in citizenship: the originally medieval citizen of the town or city became a national citizen by the end of the 18th century. While it seems reasonable to hypothesize that this long-term process (1500-1800) occurred in the Netherlands also, we do not know how citizens and community related to one another in this process. City authorities and citizens were not the only institutions to take on public duties; the churches did too. It seems probable that the situation alternated between mutual conflict and consensus with regard to the allocation of public duties between church, city authorities and citizens. The area of tension between the church domain, the public domain and the private domain therefore offers explanations for developments in civil services and the ideas on which they were founded. In addition it is plausible that the development in civil services occurred in fits and starts, and differed from region to region. Economic conjuncture, religious reform, warfare and administrative structures influenced the growth or restriction of civil services in the short term. In these areas there were major differences between the South and the North, and the East and the West of the Netherlands. It is therefore relevant to make regional comparisons. In this project we wish to investigate the development of civil services in the Netherlands by focusing on the area of tension between citizens, church and government. In this way we aim to discover the nature of the interaction that existed between the civil initiatives undertaken by the government, citizens and church in the transition from private to public. Comparison between the various regions of the Netherlands can answer the question of the extent to which economic conjuncture, warfare, religious reform and administrative structure have stimulated or curbed the development of civil services.
