New molecular tools for the 21st century: Molecular design of new DNA-based devices

DNA is a naturally-occurring molecule that is used by nature to store all of the instructions required for the functioning of a living being. DNA achieves this function by storing information not by a binary code (like a hard drive in modern computers), but rather by a genetic code made up of four building blocks (these are known as bases A, G, C, and T). DNA exists in the form of a twisted ladder known as the DNA double helix which is formed only when building block A recognizes and pairs with building block T, and building block G recognizes and pairs with building block C. Recently scientists have shown that these DNA pairs can be used for functions other than the storage and flow of genetic information in living systems. The DNA double helix can now be used for the construction of molecular computers, molecular machines and electronic devices 10,000 times smaller than the current electronic devices used in today's personal computers. The objectives of this research will be the development of new approaches for the construction of electronic, information storage and medical devices based on the genetic code of DNA. We will use the genetic code of A, G, C and T to direct the placement of metals and magnets along a DNA double helix. To achieve this, we need to make different types of molecules that can read DNA's genetic code. We will then investigate whether we can use this code as an address book in order to send a particular metal or magnet to a particular destination along a DNA double helix. This will not only enable us to design electronic devices that are smarter, more efficient and more environmentally friendly than those in current electronic systems, but it will also allow us to use this technology to detect and predict whether specific sequences of DNA (known as genes) in human cells may or may not cause disease.